In addition to being able to install and maintain entire heating, cooling, ventilation, and repair systems, HVAC technicians are responsible for knowing how to diagnose and repair problems within these systems. A great deal of mechanical and electrical knowledge is necessary, as most of these systems are made up of a variety of electronic components. HVAC technicians must have an understanding of motors, thermostats, compressors, fans, ducts, pipes, wires, and pumps.
Though most HVAC technicians specialize in either installation or repair, the two specializations go hand in hand, so most technicians have been trained to do either. Some technicians also have further specializations, such as water-based heating systems or solar powered systems.
In some cases, HVAC technicians work in new construction and must be able to read complex blueprints and building plans. These technicians are often required to spot potential conflicts before they occur. If a problem does arise, they must know how to create and implement an effective solution.
Whether working in a residential, commercial, or industrial setting, HVAC technicians are required to know and follow ever-changing government regulations and restrictions. A commitment to continuing education is a must.
HVAC training is essential to work in this profession. Nowadays, employers prefer to hire HVAC technicians who have completed an HVAC training program, though it is possible to learn the trade through an apprenticeship.
Technical schools, vocational schools, distance learning schools, and community colleges all offer HVAC training. The length of an HVAC training program varies depending upon the school, but programs typically last between six months and two years.
HVAC training usually includes instruction in the theory and design of heating, air conditioning, ventilation, and refrigeration systems. Students also learn about safety practices, equipment construction, installation, maintenance, and repair.
An apprenticeship under a licensed HVAC technician usually occurs after completing an HVAC training program. This hands-on experience is an important part of the HVAC training process. Apprenticeships typically last between six months and two years, but more formal apprenticeships may last as long as five years.
After completing HVAC training and an apprenticeship, HVAC technicians can become certified to work with specific types of equipment or material, such as residential heating and cooling systems, commercial heating and cooling systems, oil burning furnaces, and refrigerants.
In addition to training and certification, HVAC technicians should also be able to logically assess situations and act accordingly. Technicians should also be able to safely and effectively operate power tools and hand tools.
Most HVAC technicians work for contractors, while others work for government, commercial, and industrial organizations. About fifteen percent of HVAC technicians are self-employed owning their own shop or HVAC business.
The job outlook for HVAC technicians is outstanding. Job opportunities are expected to grow much faster than in the average occupation. Opportunities will be best for technicians who have completed some form of HVAC training. Due to high energy costs, technicians who specialize in energy-saving heating and cooling systems will be in high demand. Certification will also play an important role in securing employment.
Earnings vary depending upon the technician’s level of experience, place of employment, specialization, and geographic location. The median annual earnings for HVAC technicians is approximately $38,000.