In addition to being able to install and maintain entire heating, cooling, ventilation, and repair systems, HVAC technicians are responsible for knowing how to diagnose and repair problems within these systems. A great deal of mechanical and electrical knowledge is necessary, as most of these systems are made up of a variety of electronic components. HVAC technicians must have an understanding of motors, thermostats, compressors, fans, ducts, pipes, wires, and pumps.

Though most HVAC technicians specialize in either installation or repair, the two specializations go hand in hand, so most technicians have been trained to do either. Some technicians also have further specializations, such as water-based heating systems or solar powered systems.

In some cases, HVAC technicians work in new construction and must be able to read complex blueprints and building plans. These technicians are often required to spot potential conflicts before they occur. If a problem does arise, they must know how to create and implement an effective solution.

Whether working in a residential, commercial, or industrial setting, HVAC technicians are required to know and follow ever-changing government regulations and restrictions. A commitment to continuing education is a must.