The primary function of a physical therapist is to promote rejuvenation of injuries and illness.  They work to restore function, improve mobility, and relieve pain, while working to prevent or limit permanent damage of physical disabilities.  The majority of physical therapists work with accident victims and those with disabling conditions.  Some of the ailments of their patients could include lower back pain, arthritis, heart disease, fractures, head injuries and cerebral palsy.

Physical therapists have an overwhelming knowledge of techniques that are used to test and measure a patient’s strength, range of motion, balance and coordination, posture, muscle performance, respiration and motor skills.  Their goal is to make the patients independent again in the hopes of integrating them back into their communities or workplace.  Once the goal has been described, it is necessary for the physical therapist to implement a plan that describes the treatments, the purpose of it and the hope of the outcome.

Most often, the physical therapist will establish a series of exercises that are designed specifically to treat the individual patient and their needs.  Patients who have been immobilized and lack flexibility strength or endurance are typical examples of patients who are in need of physical therapy.  The physical therapist will work slowly to encourage the patient to use their own muscles in the hopes of creating a full range of motion.

Physical therapists often use equipment and instruments to help in the promotion of flexibility, endurance and strength.  The use of electrical stimulation, hot packs or cold compresses and ultrasound devices work to relieve pain and reduce swelling.  Traction and deep tissue massage may also be used to help in the reduction of pain.  It is the job of the physical therapist to instruct in the use of crutches, prostheses and wheelchairs.  They also implement exercise programs that patients can do at home to speed up the recovery.

It is important for a physical therapist to also take accurate notes and keep efficient medical records in order to document the patient’s recovery and make necessary changes in a patient’s treatment.

While physical therapists generally develop strategies and exercises for the patient, they are in constant contact with other health care providers, to ensure proper care is provided.  There may be times when a patients requires assistance from others, so in this case it becomes important to document all progress and areas to work on.

Most physical therapists work with a variety of patients.  There is only a small percentage that specializes in areas such as geriatrics, orthopedics or sports medicine.